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TRIGGER POINT

16 January 2017
0

Trigger point firing point (in Greek) is an irritable discrete point in muscles that occurs either with local pain in a specific part of the body or with reported pain, that is to say it reflexes elsewhere. As a result, the person feels intense pain and there is a restriction on movement

Trigger points are active and inactive. The first may cause pain even during rest and are particularly painful in their palpation. They are caused by a muscle injury, bad posture, or a wrong industrial body.

Inactive trigger points are older points which show symptoms after a while because they were not encountered when they occurred. Often an inactive point is reactivated due to excess muscle or excessive stretching. (Alvarez, Rockwell, 2002)

Symptoms

Trigger points on the neck / head show dizziness, migraines and humming in the ears.

Other symptoms may be local twitch response, sweating due to irritation of the autonomic nervous system, and finally loss of coordination of the involved muscles. (Travell, Simons, 1983)

Treatment

Physiotherapist may apply various methods to deal with trigger points. The most common method is massage where vertical pressure is applied with the fingers or the elbow directly at the firing point for an immediate relaxation and perfusion of the spot. Another way of dealing that can even be applied by the patient without any help; that might bestretching of the muscle that offers relaxation, relief and withdrawal of symptoms. Afterwards, once acute pain subsides, physiotherapist corrects the posture of the patient’s body and strengthens patient’s muscles in order to avoid creating new trigger points or activating the existing ones. Also, supportive, therapeutic taping can be applied by using a resilient therapeutic tape for extra muscle relaxation and stretching. (Davies, Davies, Simons, 2013)

References

Trigger points: Diagnosis and management David J Alvarez; Pamela G Rockwell American Family Physician; Feb 15, (2002); 65, 4; ProQuest Medical Library pg. 653

Travell JG, Simons DG.Myofascial pain and dysfunction. The trigger point manual, the upper extremities (1983) Vol 1. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins

The Trigger Point Therapy Workbook: Your Self-Treatment Guide for Pain Relief, Third edition, Clair Davies , Amber Davies, David G. Simons MD,(2013), New Harbinger Publications

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